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Bubble Findings Could Unlock Better Electrode and Electrolyzer Designs

Improving the efficiency of electrochemical processes that produce fuels, chemicals, and materials

“Our work demonstrates that engineering the contact and growth of bubbles on electrodes can have dramatic effects,” says professor Kripa Varanasi. Credit: Christine Daniloff, MIT

David L. Chandler
Wed, 10/23/2024 - 12:02
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Industrial electrochemical processes that use electrodes to produce fuels and chemical products are hampered by the formation of bubbles that block parts of the electrode surface, reducing the area available for the active reaction. Such blockage reduces the performance of the electrodes by anywhere from 10–25 %.

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But new research reveals a decades-long misunderstanding about the extent of that interference. The findings show exactly how the blocking effect works and could lead to new ways of designing electrode surfaces to minimize inefficiencies in these widely used electrochemical processes.

It has long been assumed that the entire area of the electrode shadowed by each bubble would be effectively inactivated. But it turns out that a much smaller area—roughly the area where the bubble actually contacts the surface—is blocked from its electrochemical activity. The new insights could lead directly to new ways of patterning the surfaces to minimize the contact area and improve overall efficiency.

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