FDA Answers (Some) Medical Device Cybersecurity Concerns

A new FDA guidance calls on the medical device community to be more proactive when it comes to developing a solid set of cybersecurity controls to ensure safety and efficacy for users.

However, the agency isn’t putting the entire onus on medical device manufacturers. The FDA “recognizes that medical device security is a shared responsibility between stakeholders, including healthcare facilities, patients, providers,” and device makers. Those are comforting words, but we all know the buck ultimately stops with manufacturers. The key is to be prepared for any eventuality.

For the most part, the FDA’s recommendations fall under the “basic common sense” category. However, it is still valuable to understand FDA inspectors’ general marching orders if they come calling at your facility.

Here are some of the more important items on the FDA’s list of expectations:
• Manufacturers should consider the balance between cybersecurity safeguards and the usability of the device in its intended environment, e.g., the home. Security controls shouldn’t unreasonably hinder access to a device to be used during an emergency situation.
• Tighten password policies to include, as needed, user authentication and session timeouts, and strengthen password protection.
• Ensure capability of secure data transfer to and from the device, and when appropriate, use methods of encryption.
• Implement device features that protect critical functionality, even when the device’s cybersecurity has been compromised.

The agency has also outlined the type of documentation it hopes to see in a premarket submission of a medical device, including:
• Hazard analysis that demonstrates a clear understanding of potential threats, and a list and justification for all cybersecurity controls.
• Traceability matrix that links actual cybersecurity controls implemented and risks considered.
• Summary describing the controls that are in place to ensure that the medical device software will maintain its integrity.
• Summary describing the plan for providing validated software updates and patches as needed through the life cycle of a medical device.

The guidance also includes a list of FDA-recognized consensus standards, which can can be found here.

First published Nov. 2, 2015, on the AssurX blog.

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